Dr. Cheng Li

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==== Surface brightness and color profiles of early-type galaxies ====
  * La Barbera et al. (2012): https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/426/3/2300/988992?login=false 
    * This paper studied the optical-optical and optical-NIR color out to 8R_e for a sample of 673 massive early-type galaxies (ETGs) with M*>3x10^10 soloar mass, selected from SDSS-based SPIDER survey. Radial profiles of colors, as well as stellar age and metallicity derived from stellar population synthesis modelling are obtained. Generally, the outer regions are older and more metal-poor than the cores of the galaxies, and the trend is strongest for the most massive galaxies with M*>10^11 solar mass. Furthermore, the age gradient is more significant in ETGs residing in higher density environment. These results are consistent with the picture that the envelope of massive galaxies is made up of accreted small satellites (i.e. minor mergers) whose stars were born during the first stages of galaxy formation.
  * Wang et al. (2019): https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019MNRAS.487.1580W/abstract
    * This paper studies the stellar halo of isolated central galaxies by stacking the HSC images. The sample covers a wide range of stellar mass, 9.2<lg(M*)<11.4, and out to radii of 120kpc. A strong self-similarity of the stellar halo profiles is found, albeit the large galaxy-to-galaxy scatter. Color profiles show a minimum at some radius, beyond which the color of the outer halo turns red again. This effect is most pronounced for the most massive galaxies in their sample.
  * Huang et al, (2018): https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018MNRAS.475.3348H/abstract
    * The HSC images are used to probe the stellar halo of ~7000 massive galaxies at z~0.4. 

==== Galaxy clusters: central galaxy profiles and intra-cluster light ====

  * Zhang et al. (2024): https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2024MNRAS.531..510Z/abstract
    * This paper applied a stacking method to over 4000 galaxy clusters identified from the DES by the redMaPPer cluster finder to study the surface brightness of central galaxies and the intra-cluster light (ICL). The colour of the cluster central galaxy and ICL displays a radial gradient that becomes bluer at a larger radius, which is consistent with a stellar stripping and disruption origin of intra-cluster light as suggested by simulation studies.
  * Jiménez-Teja et al. (2018): https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2019/02/aa33547-18/aa33547-18.html
    * The ICL is distinguished from the light of the galaxies in Comma and the fraction of ICL is obtained. The high ICL fractions and the excess in the bluer filters are indicative of a merging state. The presence of younger stars or stars with lower metallicity in the ICL suggests that the main mechanism of ICL formation for the Coma cluster is the stripping of the stars in the outskirts of infalling galaxies and possibly the disruption of dwarf galaxies during past or ongoing mergers.
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Dr. Cheng Li

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